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Post by pieter on Mar 8, 2015 15:53:48 GMT -7
Feminists march on International Women's Day08.03.2015 13:10Feminists thronged the capital on Sunday for an annual march marking International Women's Day.Manifa marchers in Warsaw on Sunday. Photo: PAP/Jacek TurczykThis year, the so-called Manifa demonstration is highlighting the plight of Poland's disabled women, and the barriers they face. Likewise, marchers are drawing attention to the problem of sexual harrassment of women in general, and domestic violence, the latter a hot issue in parliament at present. Participants are marching under the slogan of '' Everyone is at home'', with the route taking in Warsaw sites and foundations which are associated with the feminist movement. Happenings have also been hosted in other cities, including Łódż, Poznań and Wrocław. On Saturday, Manifa demonstrators descended on Krakow's Main Market Square. Among other issues, marchers drew attention to the plight of Polish nurses, who often have to work on temporary contracts, and are poorly paid, according to the protesters. Divisive dayAlthough International Women's Day was first held in 1910, in Poland it remains divisive, as the day was rigorously promoted during the communist era. Female workers were traditionally presented with flowers, or even tights, on Women's Day. Many women in today's Poland reject the celebration, on account of its communist associations. Nevertheless, others feel put out if not presented with flowers by family-members or a partner on 8 March. (nh) Clara Zetkin (left) with Rosa Luxemburg in 1910. Zetkin established the first "International Women's Day" on 19 March 1911, launching the idea of it in Ungdomshuset, what later became one of the resorts for the then-incipient labour movement of Copenhagen (Denmark).en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Women%27s_Daypl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzień_Kobietde.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationaler_Frauentagda.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvindernes_internationale_kampdagsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medzinárodný_deň_žienlt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarptautinė_moters_dienauk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Міжнародний_жіночий_деньru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Международный_женский_деньWomen marched in Amsterdam on Sunday too. In the Netherlands the leftwing, socialist and communist heritage of the event is not such an issue, because the country was never occupied by the SovjetUnion, nor ruled by the communists. The communist party CPN was always in the opposition when it stil existed, and couldn't compete with the stronger Labour party and had strong competition of other leftwing parties. Feminism, emancipation and the fight or struggle against the discrimination of women and against sexism was a hot topic in leftwing politics and inside the leftwing and center-left parties form the far left to the center left Labour party. The Labour party always had a strong feminist wing and a lot of the activists and leaders of the smaller leftwing parties were women. During the late seventies and early eighties the orthodox marxist-leninist party cadres were slowly overshadowed or replaces by feminists, young advocates of Gay rights and a more democratic socialist, anti-authoritarian kind of West-European communists. A lot of old communists left the party.
In the 1982 the party got its first mayor in the Communist stronghold of Beerta. Before the elections of the same year Marcus Bakker stepped down in favour of Ina Brouwer. With her a new generation of younger, often female MPs entered politics. She was able to keep the three seats. The CPN tried to renew its political program, emphasizing New Left issues like feminism and gay rights. In reaction to this working class-oriented members founded the Horizontal Council of Communists (called so because they were members from different local branches, breaking the vertical organization of democratic centralism). The group tried to pressure the CPN into returning to its Old Left course. In 1983 they left the party and formed the League of Communists in the Netherlands (Verbond van Communisten In Nederland). In 1986 both the CPN and VCN contested the elections. Neither won a seat in the House of Representatives. The CPN still had two senators. As one of the last acts of the party, the party leadership attended the festivities surrounding 40th anniversary of the German Democratic Republic.CPN-leader Ina Brouwer in the Dutch parlaiment during the early eightiesOld party leader Marcus Bakker, left the party opposing it's New Left and feminist courseThe Female leaders and politicians of the other far left parties Andree van Es, leader of the far left Pacifist Socialist Party, PSP, during the eighties, in the Dutch parlaiment.A 1981 election poster of the far left Political Party of Radicals, PPR, with it's chairwoman, Ria Beckers on it.Cathy Ubels, party leader and the only parlaiment member of the minor progressive Protestant political party, the Evangelical People's Party. She cooperated with the PSP and the PPR, since the EVP (Evangelical People's Party) opposed nuclear arms. She opposed the placement of nuclear weapons of the United States in the Netherlands. In 1985 during protests over the proposed placement of Tomahawk missiles on Dutch territory Ubels-Veen called Dutch Prime Minister an indirect accomplice of genocide.The communist CPN, Pacifist Socialist PSP, the Radical PPR and the leftwing christian EVP were called the ' Little Left' in the Dutch politics and in the parliament. The small biblical Dutch Reformed Calvinist parties on the other Rightwing side of the parliament were called ' little right'. They opposed secularism, atheism, the radical left and the left, and were opposed to socialism, communism, New Left and Old Left, and against the liberal and Social-democratic and social liberal center-left. They also opposed Feminism, women emancipation, abortion, euthenasia and Gay marriage. Often the Feminists and the Gay Rights movement cooperated. I often wondered why Gay men often stood for women emancipation and Feminism. They have a strong bond with their mothers, sisters and girfriends. They like independent and strong women. And they often have female Gay icons. This was just a question of mine. I don't need an answer. I just wondered. Maybe it is like the Civil Rights movement. Liberal advocates for workers rights and female rights also stood up for the rights of African-Americans. By the way not all Gays and not all women are Feminists. Some Gays are very conservative, and not seldom against Gay rights and Gay culture. They are Gay but dislike the social-cultural, political and militant aspects of it. They want to keep it in the closet, live normal family lives and don't want to be in the spotlights. Some women in the Netherlands, Poland and the USA think the same about Feminism. I often heard women and girls complain about the masculine Feminists, abiut their lack of female characteristics, and the fact that they consider the Feminists to extreme. Some women fear that feminism disturb male-female relations, and dislike the female centric character of feminism, because they favor harmony between males and females. They are mothers with a husband and children. They were and are irritated about the criticism of feminists on the traditional family lives and women who are housewives or have a traditional mother role, like keeping the house clean, cooking, taking care of the children and working in the same time. Cheers, Pieter
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Post by pieter on Mar 8, 2015 17:17:24 GMT -7
Red Women in the Labour Party (Rooie Vrouwen in de PvdA)" Red Women in the Labour Party" was the name of a women's organization in the periphery of the Dutch Labour Party. The name of the organisation was originally (1969) " Women in the Labour Party." In 1975, this became " Red Women in the Labour Party." This change of name referenced their links with the socialist ideal even stronger, as its adherents, as well as those of communism worldwide traditionally call themselves " red" and therfefor used that color much in their presentations. It was an especially feminist tinged group who fought for equal rights and equal pay, as well as the reallocation of labor and power, the latter even within the Labour Party. A meeting of the Red Women in the Labour Party in a congress hall in Amsterdam in 1987The group became a news topic 1976 due to their occupation of the (abortion) clinic Bloemenhove in Heemstede, which the Minister of Justice Van Agt of the center right Christian-democratic party ( CDA) wanted to close. In 1995, the independent existence came to an end, because the organization was integrated into the Labour Party; initially under the name Rosa-women project. From 2000, it became the Labour Women's Network (PVN). At present, the women within the Labour Party united in ViP - Women in the Labour Party. Cooperation with women from other parties is combined in the Women's Political Consultation (PVO). Party congress of the Red Women in the Labour Party in Amsterdam, Februari 20, 1987Chairwomen of the Red Women in the Labour Party during the eighties Geke FaberChoose quality, choose a Labour party womanVote, vote Red women, vote red women, vote list one. THis is again an action of the red women.Red women vote Labour, and what do you vote?Notable members:Hedy d'AnconaMieke van der BurgGeke FaberIen van den Heuvel (1927-2010)Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven Liesbeth den UylIn Belgium there are red women too. This are the red women of the Felmish Labour Party.
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Post by pieter on Mar 8, 2015 17:45:54 GMT -7
Labour party leader, former Union leader and Labour minister of Finance (and future prime minister) Wim Kok speaks with chairwoman of the Red Women in the Labour Party during the congress of the the Red Women in the Labour Party in 1987. The organization was very powerful within the Labour party and in the Dutch society during the seventies and eighties.
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Post by pieter on Mar 8, 2015 17:51:55 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Mar 8, 2015 18:18:04 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Mar 9, 2015 8:13:36 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Mar 9, 2015 9:28:52 GMT -7
Dear friends, Threw these leftwing women movements, and via student organisations, unions, center left and leftwing political parties and movements girls and women gained quite a bit of power during the sixties, seventies and eighties. In the Netherlands and Scandinavia they were part of the class of academical leftwing intellectuals which had a great political, philosophical, sociological, psychologic, social-cultural, educational, financial and economical power, because they had influence in the Unions, in the Labour party and the other leftwing parties who sometimes formed coalitions, in workers- and student councils, in university boards, and as wives, mothers, daughters, girlfriends and sisters of leftwing or progressive enterpreneurs, businessmen, lawjers, doctors, professors, politicians, union leaders and in kinder gartens, primery schools, high schools, day care centers, nursing homes and etc. Via politics, activism and jobs, positions and influence they had a great impact on the political system, economics, households, universities, education, health care, the government and thus the macro economics of state injections in the economy and the state companies, next to the free market economy. A lot of these former leftwing feminist activists and radical left politicians, later became more moderate and pragmatic. Many of them became managers, alderwomen, mayors, governers of provinces, businesswomen, professors, members of parlaiment, ministers or state secretaries. I think or believe that maybe the same took place in Germany and the Scandinavian countries ( Denmark). Maybe Karl can confirm this? Examples:Elisabeth Maria Josepha (Lilianne) Ploumen (born 12 July 1962 in Maastricht) is a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA). She has been Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation in the second Rutte cabinet since 5 November 2012. She was also the chairwoman of the Labour Party from 6 October 2007 until 22 January 2012, when she resigned and was succeeded by Hans Spekman.Sharon Alida Maria Dijksma (born April 16, 1971 in Groningen) is a Dutch politician for the Labour Party (Partij van de Arbeid). Since December 18, 2012, she has been State Secretary of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, dealing with agriculture, nature, food quality, tourism, and postal affairs in the Second Rutte cabinet.[1] Before that she was an MP from June 17, 2010 to September 19, 2012. She focused on matters of traffic, water management and home affairs.Mariëtte (Jet) Bussemaker (born 15 January 1961 in Capelle aan den IJssel, South Holland) is a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA). She has been Minister for Education, Culture and Science in the second Rutte cabinet since 5 November 2012.Jellejetta (Jetta) Klijnsma (born March 18, 1957 in Hoogeveen) is a Dutch politician. As a member of the Labour Party (Partij van de Arbeid) she was an MP from 2010 to 2012. She focused on matters of culture, senior citizens, disabled people and medical ethics. Previously she was State Secretary for Social Affairs and Employment in the Fourth Balkenende cabinet and an alderwoman of the municipality of The Hague. Since November 5, 2012 she has been State Secretary for Social Affairs and Employment, dealing with unemployment insurances (partial), equality, long-term unemployment, poverty, health and safety in the Second Rutte cabinet.Wilma Jacqueline Mansveld (born September 11, 1962 in Hilversum) is a Dutch politician. As a member of the Labour Party (Partij van de Arbeid) she has been State Secretary for the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, dealing with water policy, environment and aviation in the second Rutte cabinet since November 5, 2012.[1] Before that she was a member of the provincial parliament of the province of Groningen from 2007 to 2011 and afterwards a member of the provincial executive of the same province from 2011 to 2012.Andrée Christine van Es (born 26 January 1953 in The Hague) is a Dutch politician. She is currently wethouder (alderman) in the executive of the city of Amsterdam for GreenLeft. She was member of the House of Representatives for the Pacifist Socialist Party and GreenLeft. ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9e_van_Es ) Ayaan Hirsi AliCisca Dresselhuys (born in Leeuwarden on 21 April 1943) was the first head editor of the Dutch feminist monthly magazine Opzij from 1 November 1981 until 1 April 2008 . Her journalistic career started at the daily Trouw. On 11 June 2001, she received the Anne Vondeling prize for her publications in the year 2000. For the award she received 5000 guilders and a sculpture of Anne Vondeling.Dirk Verhofstadt is Belgian male feminist social liberal (Rawlsian) theorist and brother of former Belgian prime minister Guy Verhofstadt.Anja Henriëtte Meulenbelt (born 6 January 1945 in Utrecht) (left on the photo next to Yasser Arafat) is a Dutch writer, feminist and former politician of the Socialist Party (SP). She was a Senator from 2003 to 2011. In August 2014, Meulenbelt terminated her membership of the SP, because she felt the party did not speak out enough against Israel's military actions in the Gaza Strip.Johanna Elisabeth (Joke) Smit (27 August 1933, Utrecht - 19 September 1981, Amsterdam) was a Dutch feminist and politician.Britta Böhler (July 17, 1960 in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany) is a lawyer in international law and human rights, and a member of the Dutch Senate for the GreenLeft Party. She was born in West Germany and became a Dutch citizen to run for political office.Neelie Kroes (born 19 July 1941) is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). Former Member of the House of Representatives, former State Secretary for Transport, Public Works and Water Management (from 28 December 1977 until 11 September 1981), former Minister of Transport, Public Works and Water Management (from 4 November 1982 until 7 November 1989) and former European Commissioner for Competition and former European Commissioner for Digital Agenda.Femke Halsema (born April 25, 1966) is a former Dutch politician. She was a member of the House of Representatives from 1998 till 2011. She was also the leader of the GreenLeft parliamentary party in the House of Representatives from 2002 till 2010.As a journalist Femke Halsema made a documentry serie about women in Islam and their sexuality.Cheers, Pieter
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Post by pieter on Mar 9, 2015 12:08:08 GMT -7
Dear friends,
Womens day is behind us, btu the signifciance stays. I read this weekend a very interesting essay of a young Dutch feminist journalist and writer. She is of the newest wave or generation of feminists. Modern feminist. Feminine and in the same time a fighter for womens rights. She wrote that girls and women grow up in a world and society which is created by man in millinia, centuries and decades. She said women grow up in villages, towns and cities in infrastructures, architecture, houses, buildings, squares, roads, bridges, schools, shopping malls and office buildings designed by men.
She wrote about the socioligical and financial-economical status of professions and subjects which were male (only before). That male professions which attracted a lot of female professionals reached a lower status. Like the profession of architect, doctor or designer. She was writing from her feministm perspective and world view, but it was interesting as a man to read and to try to understand her point of view. Growing up and living in a world which is designed, developped and built by 'the other sex'. I understand her!
Cheers, Pieter
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Post by pieter on Mar 9, 2015 12:41:38 GMT -7
Feminism in PolandNew democratic Poland experienced the seventh wave of feminism and was suddenly confronted with concepts of Western second-wave feminism that at once met with fierce opposition from the Roman Catholic Church. Western feminism has often been erroneously identified with the prior Communist reproductive policy, similar in some aspects, and feminism for that reason has often been regarded as ’ suspect’. In the beginning of the 1990s, Polish feminist texts often used the aggressive rhetoric related to feminist publications of the interwar period. That kind of ‘ striking’ argumentation was more adequate in that epoch of violent polemics about prohibition of abortion. After the Polish government introduced the de facto legal ban on abortions (on January 7, 1993), feminists have changed their strategies. Many Polish feminists since that event have adopted argumentative strategies borrowed from the American ‘ Pro-Choice’ movement of the 1980s. In Polish feminist texts, the mixed argumentation of ‘ lesser evil’ and ‘ planned parenthood’ has prevailed. In fact this argument is contrary to the feminist ideology and has proved ineffective. The ban on abortions has appeared immovable. Both sexual education in schools and state funding of contraceptives have been strongly suppressed since 1998. But Polish feminism is seemingly undergoing change; new feminist books include Agnieszka Graff’s Świat bez kobiet ( World without Women) ( 2001), which directly points out the contemporary phenomenon of women’s discrimination in Poland; and Kazimiera Szczuka’s Milczenie owieczek ( Silence of the Flock) ( 2004), which passionately defends abortion and often takes positions directly related to the interwar period and radical French feminism, thus renouncing the hitherto dominant ‘ moderate’ American argumentative strategies. Ewa Dąbrowska-Szulc expressed the necessity of changing the Polish feminist stance as well: " We [feminists] have lost a lot by these lessons of an appeased language we are still giving each other". Women's Party (Poland)Manuela Gretkowska, party leader of Partia KobietThe Women's Party (Polish: Partia Kobiet, PK) is a Centre left Feminist Polish political party which claims to represent the interests and concerns of women. It was registered on 11 January 2007 and is led by the well-known author Manuela Gretkowska. In the 21 October 2007 National Assembly election, the party won 0.28% of the popular vote and no seats in the Sejm or the Senate of Poland. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism_in_Polandpl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminizm_w_Polscepl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partia_Kobiet
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Post by karl on Mar 9, 2015 13:22:04 GMT -7
Pieter
I had not thought of this, although yes, it is womens day international. The Skandia countries are at the top in regards to womens rights, but most of all, with respect. For a woman is not just a wife or house keeper, she is a home maker, accountant, shipping and receiving manager of all that translates with the house whole budget. She is the matron of all activities of the home. With this, she often is a wage earner and a career in her chosen field.
For not speaking for the known world we know, but for us {as speaking from the plat form of Dansk, the women is not a sex object, but an equal partner in life} perhaps some will contest that notion, but whilst in process of doing so, must face the women he/shall skorn. For if to perhaps believe the old tales of Vikings and Valkeries were simply tall tales of nonsense. Then perhaps to measure your life in seconds to piss off a Norge or Dansk lady and yet escape with your life.. With a bit of sugar and some nice flowers given with a nice smile, then no matter the rough seas, sailing will be very good.
I am not sure of reactions would be with the Swedish ladies, for my experience is very limited with the Sweds.
Karl
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Post by pieter on Mar 9, 2015 13:27:34 GMT -7
Karl, Dutch women are much like the Scandinavian women if I read your reply correctly. Don't treat a Dutch lady with disrespect or male chauvinist arrogance or sexism. She will laugh at you, ignore you completely, or choose the counter attack. Verbally or physically. I wonder why Dutch men love Polish, Ukrainian, Czech, Croatian, Indonesian, Thai, Phillipinian, Burmese, Korean, Chinese, and even German, Belgian, Russian, Italian and French women. A Dutch expression says the grass is always greener on the other side. It is a fact that some men find the Dutch women to emancipated, feminist and masculine. They don't like the unisex culture in which women look like men and men like women. They like the diversity of the sexes, anf the charm, elegance and style of women. Often these kind of women exist outside of the Netherlands, abroad in other European countries or in countries in other continents. Don't get me wrong. I do not dislike Dutch women. As a half Polish guy with an international family with a lot of flavors (nationalities, and ethnic and cultural backgrounds) for me a pure 100% Dutch woman is nearly exotic, coming from a very dark family with a Polish side and a Dutch side with French Huegenot, Spanish and maybe (maybe) even Sephardic (Portugese) jewish blood. (I can't comfirm the latter, but rumors go) It doesn't matter, fact is that most of our familymembers are dark. My blond and blue eyed sister is the example, but she has slavic features of her mother too. So for me a 100% Dutch blond, brunette or readhead is another spiecies, is ethnicly and culturally different from me. And thus attractive. But I have to admid that I am often attracted to mixed or more exotic women too. Had a half German girlfriend, a Turkish Kurd girlfriend, and felt attracted to a Turkish-Iranian woman with a Iranian father and a Turkish mother (secular, educated, Ataturk minded, academic, modern, western). And in the past and present Indo girls and women appealed to me too. I like most European people and thus woman. Wouldn't say no to a German, Austrian, Polish, Czech, Danish or French woman, if she speaks at least Enlgish or German fluently (one of the two). Cheers, Pieter
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Post by karl on Mar 9, 2015 13:39:10 GMT -7
Karl, Dutch women are much like the Scandinavian women if I read your reply correctly. Don't treat a Dutch lady with disrespect or male chauvinist arrogance or sexism. She will laugh at you, ignore you completely, or choose the counter attack. Verbally or physically. Cheers, Pieter Dear Pieter I like your response, for it is natural, and brings to my mind, a full respect to the ladies that are Dutch. And yes, have my self suffered the response of a lady scorned. For she said very little that actions were better then words. For she swung her purse over her head, and caught my full attention upon that darn thing hitting my head. Never was I to repeat such a mistake again, and it was whilst in rotten traffic in an MG. Karl
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Post by pieter on Mar 9, 2015 13:50:49 GMT -7
Dear Karl, It is not a bad thing to drive in a British MG on the German highway even if you are temporary stuck in a traffick jam. You must have really annoyed the lady if she tried to kill you with her purse. Angry ladies with their handbags or heavy purses are dangerous living human beings. Cheers, Pieter
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Post by Jaga on Mar 17, 2015 14:57:46 GMT -7
Pieter,
you prepared amazing presentation about international Women Day. I am glad that women in Poland have special motto - disabled women this year. I loved the pictures. I read in the past about Rose Luxembourg, many places in Poland were named after her. She was disabled, but picture have sometimes more substance than the words.
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Post by pieter on Mar 17, 2015 17:06:35 GMT -7
Dear Jaga, I grew up in a very progressive, social liberal, socialist in the New Left sense (not the Old Left, Sovjet Moscow oriented left) country in the seventies and eighties. Before my birth we had the Provo's, which was a rather silly Dutch counterculture movement in the mid-1960s that focused on provoking violent responses from authorities using non-violent bait. It was preceded by the nozem movement and followed by the hippie movement. Provo was founded, on 25 May 1965, by Robert Jasper Grootveld, an anti-smoking activist, and the anarchists Roel van Duijn and Rob Stolk. The term was used for the movement as a whole and for individual members. Provo was officially disbanded on 13 May 1967. After the Provo's more serious New Left and student protest movements emerged, often influenced by the events of Paris and Berlin, where radical left students rebelled against the West-German and the French (Gaullist) authorities. But also the influence of the New Left and progressive movement in the USA, like the anti-Vietnam war movement and leftists American student movements. The Second Dutch Feminist WaveJohanna Elisabeth ( Joke) Smit (27 August 1933, Utrecht - 19 September 1981, Amsterdam) was a Dutch feminist and politician. Between 1955 and 1966 she was teacher French on several highschools. In the early sixties she was a freelance journalist for two Dutch newspapers in Paris, France. In the late sixties she also worked for a literary magazine and as head scientific collaborator with the institute for translationat the university of Amsterdam. In 1967 she became a member of the Labour Party (PvdA). From september 1970 until september 1971 she was a city council member of the muncipality Amsterdam. In 1971 she was a collaborator with the scientific Labour Party Magazine Socialisme & Democratie. She was a member of a lot of comities, like the programcouncil of the Dutch National Public Television TV, the comity Open School and the Emancipation comity. Joke Smit was a very important Dutch feministSmit spoke already in 1966 about the Pro-choice issue. In 1967 she became famous in the Netherlands with the article 'Het onbehagen bij de vrouw' (The queasiness of the woman). In general this article in the literarary magazine De Gids is seen as the starting point of the Second Feminist Wave in the Netherlands. In the article she wrote about the frustration of married women who wanted to be more than only a mother and housewife. In that year my Polish mother came to the Netherlands, and as a Polish woman she was shocked about the gap in intelligence and interests between the working Polish women she knew in Warsaw (Poland) and the Dutch house wives. Her female colleages and friends in Warsaw had been architects, designers, accountants, managers and real estate developpers. Her sister worked for the Polish radio in Warsaw before she moved to the USA in 1955. Dutch women in general didn't worked back then. So in the beginning, my mother didn't find women with her level, because in Warsaw she only knew emancipated, working and educated women. In the Netherlands, women weren't stupid. They got an education, but the country was more traditional and women didn't work until the late sixties or early seventies. Maybe that had to do with the pillarization, and thus the conservative Roman-Catholic and Protestant confessional pillars. Joke Smit was one of the founders of the Man Women Society. Man Vrouw Maatschappij (MVM, " Man woman society") was a Dutch feminist action group, founded by Joke Smit en Hedy d'Ancona. The group was founded by Joke Smit, who in 1967 had published the feminist article " Het onbehagen bij de vrouw", " The disquiet of women", in October 1968. After Dolle Mina, another feminist group, was founded it sailed a more radical course and participated in feminist actions, most notably 1970's Op de vrouw af!. MVM was anti-hierarchical and opposed to patriarchy; it was run without a president and after 1973 disallowed men, causing d'Ancona and others to leave the group. Dolle Mina (Mad Mina) was a 1970s Dutch feminist group which campaigned for equal rights for women. It was named after early Dutch feminist Wilhelmina Drucker. Dolle Mina had a Marxist outlook, and brought attention to the struggle by women to gain equality in the trade unions, which routinely avoided expanding the rights of women members when it meant concessions by male " breadwinners". The group had activist campaigns, including protests and publications, to promote women's right to abortion, equal pay for equal work, childcare, and even access to public toilets. Dolle Mina's protests lasted throughout the 1970s. They were characterized by their humour, often inverting gender roles. In 1970, the group co-organized a " Discrimination Fair" to draw attention to the issue of equal pay. Central to the debate was the Netherlands' failure to ratify the International Labour Organization Convention ILO-100, which mandated equal pay for equal work. The Netherlands ratified ILO-100 in 1971, although it did not have an immediate impact.
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