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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 7:15:56 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 7:16:39 GMT -7
A White Afrikaner view on the ANC and Apartheid
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 7:20:59 GMT -7
A round table with Afrikaner, Flemish and Dutch people who can understand each other
2 Flemish and Dutch Rightwing Populist politicians and 1 Afrikamer Folk singer and activist
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 8:29:41 GMT -7
This a whole move about the farm murders, the 'Plaasmoorde'
I watched the whole movie this sunday evening and it was a quite impressive movie. Not a movie for the faint hearted.
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 10:50:23 GMT -7
Independent of Johan Anthoniszoon "Jan" van Riebeeck (21 April 1619 – 18 January 1677), the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, VOC), the Boer wars with the Zulu's and the British and the Apartheid era, the Afrikaner identity is a mythical, spiritual and different (than the Dutch, British, US, Australia, Poland and Russia experience) one, than I am used to.
The Afrikaner Reformed Calvinist christian faith is different than the Dutch Calvinist faith, because right or wrong, for the Afrikaners the South-African land, the South-African soil is sacred. Like the South Afrikan Khoisan (Bushmen), the South-African Zulu's, Xsosa's, Swahili and Sotho tribes and people they feel a strong and mythical connection to the land. With the Great Trek and conquering the land and working it for centuries made them very strongly connected to the South-African land as the white Afrikaner Boer farmers they are.
The 3.2 million Afrikaners in South-Africa, Namibia, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, Canada, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and Argentina are a different bread of folks. The are the Voortrekkers of the Great Trek, which shaped the Afrikaner Boer identity and distinghuished them from the Colonial Dutch VOC folks and the later Colonial British English folks, the present day Anglo Africans in South-Africa and Zimbabwe (Rhodesia). Like President Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma (born 12 April 1942), said; "The Afrikaners are the only white African tribe in Africa'.The Great Trek The Great Trek (Afrikaans: Die Groot Trek; Dutch: De Grote Trek), starting in 1836 in southern Africa, was a mass migration of Dutch-speaking inhabitants of the British-run Cape Colony, who left the Cape and travelled eastward by wagon train, into the interior of the continent, in order to live beyond the reach of the British colonial administration. Both the Cape Colony and the area newly settled by the migrants later became part of what is today the country of South Africa. A map charting the routes of the largest trekking parties during the first wave of the Great Trek (1835-1840) along with key battles and events. The yellow area indicating the initial area of settlement extends too far south – south of Thaba Nchu and what would become Bloemfontein was an area settled by Griqua and Trekboers.The Great Trek was spurred by rising tensions between rural descendants of the Cape's original, mostly Dutch, European settlers, known collectively as Boers, and the later, mostly British, settlers, who had taken control of the Cape on behalf of the British Empire. It was also spurred by an increasing yearning among members of the various Boer communities to live in a more isolationist, semi-nomadic way than had become possible in Cape Town, which was becoming much more administratively complex under British management. Boers who took part in the Great Trek identified themselves as voortrekkers, meaning "pioneers" or "pathfinders" (literally "fore-trekkers") in Dutch and Afrikaans.The Great Trek led directly to the founding of several autonomous Boer republics, namely the South African Republic (also known simply as the Transvaal), the Orange Free State, and the Natalia Republic. It was also responsible for the displacement of the Northern Ndebele people, and was one of several decisive factors influencing the decline and collapse of the Zulu Kingdom.CharacteristicsLanguageAfrikaans is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia and, to a lesser extent, Botswana and Zimbabwe. It evolved from the Dutch vernacular of South Holland (Hollandic dialect) spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop distinguishing characteristics in the course of the 18th century. Hence, it is a daughter language of Dutch, and was previously referred to as "Cape Dutch" (a term also used to refer collectively to the early Cape settlers) or "kitchen Dutch" (a derogatory term used to refer to Afrikaans in its earlier days). However, it is also variously described as a creole or as a partially creolised language. The term is ultimately derived from Dutch Afrikaans-Hollands meaning "African Dutch". CultureThe desire to wander, known as trekgees, was a notable characteristic of the Boers. It figured prominently in the late 17th century when the Trekboere began to inhabit the northern and eastern Cape frontiers, again during the Great Trek when the Voortrekkers left the eastern Cape en masse, and after the major republics were established during the Thirstland (Dorsland) Trek. When one such trekker was asked why he has emigrated he explained, "a drifting spirit was in our hearts, and we ourselves could not understand it. We just sold our farms and set out northwestwards to find a new home." A rustic characteristic and tradition was developed quite early on as Boer society was born on the frontiers of white settlement and on the outskirts of civilisation.
The Boer quest for independence manifested in a tradition of declaring republics, which predates the arrival of the British; when the British arrived, Boer republics had already been declared and were in rebellion from the VOC (Dutch East India Company).BeliefsThe Boers of the frontier were known for their independent spirit, resourcefulness, hardiness, and self-sufficiency, whose political notions verged on anarchy but had begun to be influenced by republicanism. Most of the men were also skilled with the use of guns as they would hunt and also were able to protect their families with them.
The Boers had cut their ties to Europe as they emerged from the Trekboer group.
The Boers possessed a distinct Protestant culture, and the majority of Boers and their descendants were members of a Reformed Church. The Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk was the national Church of the South African Republic (1852–1902). The Orange Free State (1854–1902) was named after the Protestant House of Orange in the Netherlands.
The Calvinist influence, in such fundamental Calvinist doctrines such as unconditional predestination and divine providence, remains present in a minority of Boer culture, who see their role in society as abiding by the national laws and accepting calamity and hardship as part of their Christian duty. The majority of enlightened Boers have since converted denominations and now find themselves as members of Baptist, Charismatic, Pentecostal or Lutheran Churches.Afrikaner CalvinismThe Calvinist faith made Afrikaners a strong nationAfrikaner Calvinism is a cultural and religious development among Afrikaners that combined elements of seventeenth-century Calvinist doctrine with a "chosen people" ideology based in the Bible. It had origins in ideas espoused in the Old Testament of the Jews as the chosen people.
The Afrikaner Calvinist NG Church in Wolmaransstad, South Africa
A number of modern studies have argued that Boers gathered for the Great Trek inspired by this concept, and they used it to legitimise their subordination of other South African ethnic groups. It is thought to have contributed the religious basis for modern Afrikaner nationalism and Apartheid. Dissenting scholars have asserted that Calvinism did not play a significant role in Afrikaner society until after they suffered the trauma of the Second Boer War. Early settlers dwelt in isolated frontier conditions and lived much closer to pseudo-Christian animist beliefs than organised religion.The Low German Reformed church of Swellendam, Western Cape province, South-Africa. Swellendam is situated on the N2, approximately 220 km from both Cape Town and George.The Low German Reformed church of Heidelberg, Eastern-Cape, South-AfricaModern usageDuring recent times, mainly during the Apartheid reform and post-1994 eras, some white Afrikaans-speaking people, mainly with "conservative" political views and of Trekboer and Voortrekker descent, have chosen to be called "Boere", rather than "Afrikaners," to distinguish their identity. They believe that many people of Voortrekker descent were not assimilated into what they see as the Cape-based Afrikaner identity. They suggest that this developed after the Second Anglo-Boer War and the subsequent establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910. Certain Boer nationalists have asserted that they do not identify as a right-wing element of the political spectrum.Boer commando's during the First Boer WarThe first appearance and use of the term "commando" was taken from the Afrikaner guerilla units known as "Kommandos" in South Africa during the Second Boer War of 1899-1902.They contend that the Boers of the South African Republic (ZAR) and Orange Free State republics were recognised as a separate people or cultural group under international law by the Sand River Convention (which created the South African Republic in 1852), the Bloemfontein Convention (which created the Orange Free State Republic in 1854), the Pretoria Convention (which re-established the independence of the South African Republic 1881), the London Convention (which granted the full independence to the South African Republic in 1884), and the Vereeniging Peace Treaty, which formally ended the Second Anglo-Boer War on 31 May 1902. Others contend, however, that these treaties dealt only with agreements between governmental entities and do not imply the recognition of a Boer cultural identity per se.The Orange Free State (Afrikaans: Oranje-Vrystaat) was an independent Boer sovereign republic in Southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, which ceased to exist after it was defeated and surrendered to the British Empire at the end of the Second Boer War in 1902. It is the historical precursor to the present-day Free State province.The South African Republic (Dutch: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek; the ZAR; also known as the Transvaal Republic, Afrikaans: Suid-Afrikaanse Republiek) was an independent and internationally recognised state located in what is now South Africa, from 1852 to 1902.Map of the various Boer republics in South-AfricaThe supporters of these views feel that the Afrikaner designation (or label) was used from the 1930s onwards as a means of unifying (politically at least) the white Afrikaans speakers of the Western Cape with those of Trekboer and Voortrekker descent (whose ancestors began migrating eastward during the late 17th century and throughout the 18th century and later northward during the Great Trek of the 1830s) in the north of South Africa, where the Boer Republics were established. Since the Anglo-Boer war, the term " Boerevolk" was rarely used in the 20th century by the various regimes because of the effort to assimilate the Boerevolk with the Afrikaners. A portion of those who are the descendants of the Boerevolk have reasserted use of this designation. The supporters of the " Boer" designation view the term " Afrikaner" as an artificial political label which usurped their history and culture, turning " Boer" achievements into " Afrikaner" achievements. They feel that the Western-Cape based Afrikaners – whose ancestors did not trek eastwards or northwards – took advantage of the republican Boers' destitution following the Anglo-Boer War. At that time, the Afrikaners attempted to assimilate the Boers into a new politically based cultural label as " Afrikaners". In contemporary South Africa, Boer and Afrikaner have often been used interchangeably. The Boers are the smaller segment within the Afrikaner designation, as the Afrikaners of Cape Dutch origin are more numerous. Afrikaner directly translated means " African," and thus refers to all Afrikaans-speaking people in Africa who have their origins in the Cape Colony founded by Jan Van Riebeeck. Boer is the specific group within the larger Afrikaans-speaking population. An Afrikaner family today
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 11:43:12 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 12:30:26 GMT -7
Source: Wikipedia and Google search and Youtube for images and video's.
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:04:38 GMT -7
The Khoisan In the long run these new groups of herders and farmers transformed the hunter-gatherer way of life. Initially, however, distinctions between early pastoralists, farmers, and hunter-gatherers were not overwhelming, and in many areas the various groups coexisted. The first evidence of pastoralism in the subcontinent occurs on a scattering of sites in the more arid west; there the bones of sheep and goats, accompanied by stone tools and pottery, date to some 2,000 years ago, about 200 years before iron-using farmers first arrived in the better-watered eastern half of the region. It is with the origins of these food-producing communities and their evolution into the contemporary societies of Southern Africa that much of the precolonial history of the subcontinent has been concerned.
When Europeans first rounded the Cape of Good Hope, they encountered herding people, whom they called Hottentots (a name now considered pejorative) but who called themselves Khoekhoe, meaning “men of men.” At that time they inhabited the fertile southwestern Cape region as well as its more arid hinterland to the northwest, where rainfall did not permit crop cultivation, but they may once have grazed their stock on the more luxuriant central grasslands of Southern Africa. Linguistic evidence suggests that the languages of the later Khoekhoe (the so-called Khoisan languages) originated in one of the hunter-gatherer languages of northern Botswana. In the colonial period, destitute Khoekhoe often reverted to a hunter-gatherer existence; herders and hunters were also frequently physically indistinguishable and used identical stone tools. Thus, the Dutch, and many subsequent social scientists, believed they belonged to a single population following different modes of subsistence: hunting, foraging, beachcombing, and herding. For this reason the groups are often referred to as Khoisan, a compound word referring to Khoekhoe and San, as the Nama called hunter-gatherers without livestock (Bushmen, in the terminology of the colonists, is now considered pejorative).
The archaeological remains of nomadic pastoralists living in impermanent polities are frustratingly sparse, but in the upper Zambezi River valley, southwestern Zimbabwe, and Botswana, herding and pottery appear late in the 1st millennium BCE. Cattle and milking appear somewhat later than small stock and were perhaps acquired from iron-using farmers in western Zimbabwe or northeastern South Africa. The loosely organized herders expanded rapidly, driven by their need for fresh grazing areas. Along with pastoralism and pottery came other signs of change: domestic dogs, changes in stone tool kits, altered settlement patterns, larger ostrich-eggshell beads, and the appearance of marine shells in the interior, which suggests the existence of long-distance trade.
Most of Southern Africa’s early agricultural communities shared a common culture, which spread across the region remarkably quickly from the 2nd century CE. By the second half of the 1st millennium CE, farming communities were living in relatively large, semipermanent villages. They cultivated sorghum, millet, and legumes and herded sheep, goats, and some cattle; made pottery and fashioned iron tools to turn the soil and cut their crops; and engaged in long-distance trade. Salt, iron implements, pottery, and possibly copper ornaments passed from hand to hand and were traded widely. Some communities settled near exceptionally good salt, metal, or clay deposits or became known for their specialist craftsmen.
Source: Encyclopedia Britannica
For further information read this:
Khoisan – grupa ludów z Afryki Południowej, wyodrębniona na podstawie kryterium lingwistycznego - ludy te posługują się językami khoisan. Do grupy tej zalicza się m.in. Buszmenów, Hotentotów, Sandawe, Damara i Hadzapi, żyjących na rozległych obszarach RPA, Lesotho, Eswatini, Mozambiku, Namibii, Angoli, Botswany i Zimbabwe, a także w środkowej Tanzanii.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoisan de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoisan sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kojsani ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:17:22 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:21:45 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:25:52 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:26:31 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:28:21 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:29:27 GMT -7
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Post by pieter on Aug 23, 2020 13:34:48 GMT -7
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