Post by franek80 on Apr 23, 2008 8:36:19 GMT -7
POLISH HUSSARS
The hussars were generally the elite of the Polish armey and their men had excellent fighting and equestrian skills. They were generally feared by the Russians, Swedes, Turks, and Tartars. Since the seventeen century was a time of war, the Poles had to fight to save their land, their natural resources, and trade routes. Sweden, Muscovy, Turkey, the Tartars, and the Cossacks all were hell-bent on destroying Poland.
By the 17th century, Polish hussars were held in even higher esteem and they made their own style of dress. The wings were of Serbian origin too. It was thought the wings were made to defend the backs of the men against swords and lassos, but modern theory is that they were used as intimidation. The noise and appearance of the feathers in the wind would spook the enemy's horses. The wings were mounted on a brass-edged wooden frame. The feathers were inserted into this frame, which was mounted on brackets or hinges (see illustration above). The wooden poles were arched at the top.
Horses were a huge expense. Their cost was five to ten times the salary of its rider. Polish horses were breed well and were among the finest horse flesh in Europe. Polish horses were bred for speed and endurance, and they were not sold outside of Poland. Even their food was expensive, as they offered their faithful steeds the best.
The main weapon of the hussar was the eastern lance (kopia). Lances measured 4.5 - 5 metres in length. They were made of light elastic wood. Metal spearheads were placed on their tip and a two color pendant was anchored below the tip. Lances could pary against Turkish spahis, and they helped the riders cut through thick infantry and cavalry. Only Tartar horsemen (small and skilled) could weave their way past the lance. Lances were held at the right stirrup. After bashing the enemy in the chest with their lance, the sword came into play, as the lance generally broke on striking the enemy. Only three lances survived battle and today they are in museums.
Companions to the lance were two swords: a saber, or szabla(for slashing) was attached to the rider's waist on the left. While the long sword, either a pallasz or koncerz (designed for piercing mail armor) were carried on the horse, under the left side of the saddle.
A pair of pistols were also carried, in the saddle holster (as early as 1576). Pistols were only used at close range. One shot was fired and re-loading was not possible in heavy battle. Some men also carried rifles (carbines).
