Secret Life of a Grizzly Bear

[kaima]

Collar-cam videos show grizzly bear's view of Alaska
BOAR 6041: Animal passes the hours eating, breeding, swimming.

By DAN JOLING

(01/16/12 22:08:35)

Grizzly Boar 6041 had a busy day on May 26.

The 700-pound, 10-year-old Alaska bear woke up at 3:17 a.m. as the sun peeked out beneath gray skies. Within 15 minutes, he was attempting to impregnate a willing sow. Then it was off to eat fish, swim, rip meat off a moose carcass, attempt more bear sex with a different female and walk for miles over tundra.

The Alaska Department of Fish and Game knows this because it's recorded on video. The department this week released a 13-minute compilation of 20-second clips taken by a prototype video camera mounted on a collar placed on Boar 6041, part of a study of bear behavior on the east side of the Talkeetna Mountains.

Division of Wildlife regional supervisor Bruce Dale watched clips from the pilot video program and found it hard to pull away.

"When you flipped it on, there would be a bear, and it would be basically on a march, just lined out, busting through the brush, not ambling around the trail and stopping to sniff the flowers. This bear was going somewhere," Dale said. "And then your 10 seconds are up. So you really want to click on the next one to find out where that doggone bear is going."

The department spelled out the video program in its online monthly magazine, Alaska Fish and Game News.

Collars were placed on bears as part of a study of bears' effect on the moose population, and the effect of liberalized hunting on bears.

Up to 85 percent of moose calves in the study area do not live to autumn. Most are killed by grizzlies, according to the department. However, some bears have never been detected at kill sites when tracked with traditional satellite collars. Biologists want to find out if they have another source of protein, and whether less predatory behavior has an effect on body size, condition, and offspring, Dale said.

In the pilot project, biologists put camera collars on four bears known to prey on ungulates: the boar, a lone sow, and two sows with single cubs. The cameras on the sows with cubs eventually failed, likely damaged by the youngsters wrestling with their mothers.

The cameras recorded nearly 12,000 segments over a month. Biologists are matching footage to GPS data.

Videos from three bears were recorded in 10-second segments. The department posted nine clips showing bears playing, swimming, eating and meeting other bears.

Boar 6041 wore a camera that recorded 20-second clips. Fitted with a collar in spring 2007, he has a range of about 44 miles east to west and 33 miles north to south.

Over the month with the video collar, he bred with at least three sows and racked up a number of kills -- moose and caribou calves, a hare, a beaver and another adult bear.

The 13-minute clip was taken from 100 separate videos shot May 26.

After his early-morning romance, he made his way to a lake to gorge on winter-kill fish, then pawed at the water, possibly pulling up submerged carcasses. The camera was off from 6 a.m. to noon, but when it switched on, he went for a swim in an icy lake.

At 3 p.m., he fed off a moose carcass. He bred again 45 minutes later. For all of the boar's promiscuity, however, there's not much to the mating scenes in a short clip. It's more like bear nuzzling.

At 4:15, he stopped to sniff bear scat. A half hour later, he was back on a moose carcass. At 5:45 p.m., he rested for about five hours. He started up again at 10:16, approached another bear at 10:31 -- possibly one of the sows he met earlier. He ate again at 11 and bedded down at 11:30 p.m.

Dale said the department is evaluating further use of video collars and will consider using them on bears that have not been spotted at kill sites.

"It does seem to be a pretty powerful tool," he said.

[kaima]

I was hoping Fish and Game would have the video online, but they just have their own article and some photos...

www.adfg.alaska.gov/index.cfm?adfg=wildlifenews.view_article&articles_id=540

n the film “Being John Malkovich,” a mysterious portal allows people to pop into the head of actor John Malkovich and spend a few minutes seeing the world through his eyes.

In the video “A Bear’s Eye View: A Day in the Life of a Bear,” footage from a collar-mounted camera allows people to see the world from the neck of a 700-pound Alaska brown bear. Like the Spike Jonze film, the subject is unaware he’s hosting “passengers.” I’ve watched “A Day in the Life” seven or eight times and every time I notice some new, fascinating detail. I’ll highlight some of those details, and provide some insights into what is happening. Read this, then watch the video. The link is at the end of the article.

Wildlife biologist Chris Brockman assembled the 13-minute video from more than 100 separate 20-second snippets, all recorded on May 26 by one bear. The collar camera recorded a 20 second clip (with audio) every 15 minutes. A GPS location was also recorded, and researchers will be able to create a map that reflects the bear’s travels. This will offer further insights - in some cases the bear is revisiting sites where he’s found food, or left kills.

The bear is Boar 6041, a 10-year old male brown bear in the Copper River Basin of Southcentral Alaska. He’s part of a study called the Nelchina Brown Bear project. (Alaskans tend to use the terms brown bear and grizzly bear interchangeably). Alaska Department of Fish and Game researchers equipped this bear with a VHF radio collar in the spring of 2007, and he’s been located 66 times over the past years. He was equipped with the collar camera in mid-May, 2011, and it was retrieved about one month later.

State wildlife biologist Becky Schwanke is leading the Nelchina Brown Bear project, and she’s been keeping tabs on Boar 6041 since 2007. She said his home range is roughly 44 miles east to west and 33 miles north to south.

“He knows his home range in and out and he’s successful,” she said. “I suspect he has a circuit through his home range, and that’s what he does this time of year, the same pattern.”

The camera sits below his chin, and sometimes slides around on his neck giving a thingy-eyed view. Usually, his chin is visible and often his mouth. A counter at the bottom left of the frame gives the date and time. It’s bear time, starting at midnight.

The day is May 26. It’s close to the summer solstice in Southcentral Alaska, nights are short and days are long. A beautiful, sunny day dawns clear, but we don’t see that at first because the bear is sleeping on the camera.
caption follows
Boar 6041 follows another bear along the shore of a Southcentral Alaska lake.

To reduce the video file to a manageable size and highlight activity, several edits were made. The bear is wakes up at 3:17 am, so that's where we begin his day.

3:32 a.m. he’s breeding with a female bear, and at 4:02 there’s a good view of her ear and head. Later in the day he’ll mate again with a different female.

4:32 a.m. he’s up and walking.

4:47 is breakfast time. He’s eating a pile of fish by a lake, presumably winter-killed. Another short clip (also available for viewing as part of this collection) made a day earlier shows him eating from this same pile of fish, so it seems he found this resource earlier, ate some, and has returned.

5:02 he’s pawing at the water, perhaps pulling some submerged fish carcasses up to shore. He then goes back to eating the beached fish. He’s still eating fish at 5:17, but then lays down for a rest.

The collar camera was programmed to turn off for a set period each day to extend the total duration of camera life, and the camera goes off at 6 am and comes on again at noon.

The next clip is noon. He’s walking quickly, and it soon becomes apparent he’s following another bear. He’s still following the bear at 12:15, but in the next clip at 12:30 there’s no sign of the other bear.

The audio is slightly out of synch with the counter, we hear water gurgling at 12:30 but he’s not in the water until the next clip at 12:45. Those images are interesting - he’s not just drinking but seems to have his head underwater. He’s cruising again at 1 pm (13:00), and you see a few water drops on the lens. At 1:15 he stands up and looks skyward, the lens is dry.

At 1:45 (13:45) there is brief glimpse of an animal lying on the ground, but it’s difficult to identify it.

At 3:00 he’s eating a dead moose, it looks like an adult. He’s still eating at 3:15, but by 3:30 he’s moving again. A drop of blood creates a red spot on the lens.

At 3:45 he’s breeding with a different sow, she has a red ear tag. She’s one of about 22 bears marked in the Nelchina Brown Bear Project, but she’s not a camera collared bear. (Other camera footage recorded a few weeks later in June indicates this boar killed and ate another of the study bears, a 6-year old female). He’s on the move again at 4:15, and stops to investigate a pile of bear scat.
caption follows
Biologists Becky Schwanke and Chris Brockman collar a bear, part of the Nelchina Brown Bear Project.

At 5:15 pm he’s eating again, looks like an adult moose. This winter, as researchers are able to correlate GPS data with the collar camera images, they can determine if he’s returned to the earlier carcass or discovered another.

He sits down at 5:45 and rests for about five hours. This section has been edited out. He's active again at 10:16 (22:16) so we pick up there. At 10:31 he approaches another bear. We glimpse the red ear tag, it’s likely that same female. If there is any further interaction, we don’t see it, at 10:45 he’s on the move again.

At 11 p.m. he’s eating again. He’s still eating at 11:15. It’s difficult to tell what he’s eating.

At 11:31 he’s bedded down, and the light is fading. At 11:45 something seems to be moving at the bottom right edge of the frame, it looks like he may be bedded down near another bear.

“Bear’s Eye View: A Day in the Life of a Bear” offers insights into this bear’s behavior in late spring. Behavior varies between bears, some are better hunters, others more omnivorous, and behavior also changes throughout the year.

[Nictoshek]