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Post by karl on Oct 31, 2023 14:22:44 GMT -7
Pieter
Perhaps myself am alone in the manner of a very strong distaste for protesters with all their loud noise from the mouth of ignorance. But, as with above, to let not this cloud my reply, but to be in the land of reality.
For even most of these protesters have little to no actual ties with Israel but yet to loudly make such loud noise in protest of the actions of the IDF. Of this, is speaking out of extreme ignorance of who attacked who in the first, and the brutality exhibited by Hamas fighters or more in line with murderer of people who have little to nothing to defend themselves by as simple who they are, just people in the wrong place.
As above is enough evidence of inhuman murder of cutting heads off children as a manner of hate. Thusly leaving behind them, a trail of blood and dead civilians as a sign of their {Hamas} brutality.
These protestors are living in a safe country of wealth and never have the situation of fear. But yet find fault with the IDF and people of Israel to defend themselves from such an enemy as shown in the manner of actions of invasion, leaving a trail of murder, blood of innocent people and dead bodies that have been left as they lay for the flies, that will in short time do as nature has deemed them to do. If once to smell dead bodies, it is a very distinct smell that is not of any other smell. If any should find this offensive as described, they have no business condemning those that are in defense of their homeland.
Karl
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Post by Jaga on Nov 1, 2023 3:56:22 GMT -7
Here are pictures from the largest camp which was destroyed with heavy bombs by Israel in a search for one Hamas fighter.
The Israeli military confirms a massive strike on a Gaza refugee camp, a wildfire forces evacuations in Southern California, and NBC News investigates the warning signs from before the mass shooting in Maine.
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Post by pieter on Nov 1, 2023 5:00:10 GMT -7
Kartl/Jaga,
What we Westerners do not understand is that this conflict has deeper layers that go back a long time to the Roman occupation of the Kingdoms of Judea and Israel, the occupations of Jeruzalem by the Crusaders, Saladin, the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, the Mamluks/Ottomans (Turkish occupation of Palestine), the British occupation (1920-1948) and after that Israel and the Egyptian rule of Gaza and the Jordanian rule over the Westbank until 1967 and after that the Israeli rule over the Golan Heights, Gaza and the Westbank until the Disengagement of Gaza in 2005. The conflict has 19th, 20th century and 21th century roots.
First Aliyah
The First Aliyah (Hebrew: העלייה הראשונה, HaAliyah HaRishona), also known as the agriculture Aliyah, was a major wave of Jewish immigration (aliyah) to Ottoman Syria between 1881 and 1903. Jews who migrated in this wave came mostly from Eastern Europe and from Yemen. An estimated 25,000 Jews immigrated. Many of the European Jewish immigrants during the late 19th-early 20th century period gave up after a few months and went back to their country of origin, often suffering from hunger and disease.
'First aliyah' pioneers from BILU land in Jaffa in July 1882 (Photo: Israel Archives)
Because there had been a wave of immigration (aliyah) to Palestine starting in the mid-19th century (between 1840 and 1880, the Jewish population rose from 9,000 to 23,000), use of the term "First Aliyah" is controversial. Nearly all of the Jews from Eastern Europe before that time came from traditional Jewish families who were not inspired by modern Zionist ideology, but rather by traditional (Orthodox Jewish) ideas of the holiness of the land combined with practical / economic considerations.
Second Aliyah
The Second Aliyah (Hebrew: העלייה השנייה, HaAliyah HaShniya) was an aliyah (Jewish immigration to Palestine) that took place between 1904 and 1914, during which approximately 35,000 Jews immigrated into Ottoman-ruled Palestine, mostly from the Russian Empire, some from Yemen.
The Second Aliyah was a small part of the greater emigration of Jews from Eastern Europe which lasted from the 1870s until the 1920s. During this time, over two million Jews emigrated from Eastern Europe. The majority of these emigrants settled in the United States where there was the greatest economic opportunity. Others settled in South America, Australia, and South Africa and only a small fraction of Jews who migrated went to Palestine.
There are multiple reasons for this mass emigration from Eastern Europe and the most commonly talked about is the growing antisemitism in Russia and the Pale of Settlement. The manifestations of this antisemitism were various pogroms, notably the Kishinev pogrom and the pogroms that attended the 1905 Russian Revolution. The other major factor for emigration was economic hardship. The majority of the Jewish population of Eastern Europe was poor and they left in search of a better life. Jews left Eastern Europe in search of a better economic situation which the majority found in the United States.
Palestine on the other hand offered very limited economic incentives for new immigrants. Palestine was not a place for poor immigrants to come and better their economic situation because there was very little industry. Thus, the majority of the Jewish immigrants found a livelihood through working the land. Many of the European Jewish immigrants during the late 19th-early 20th century period gave up after a few months and went back to their country of origin, often suffering from hunger and disease. David Ben Gurion estimated that 90% of the Second Aliyah “despaired of the country and left”.
Third Aliyah
The Third Aliyah (Hebrew: העלייה השלישית, HaAliyah HaShlishit) refers to the third wave, or aliyah, of modern Jewish immigration to Palestine from Europe. This wave lasted from 1919, just after the end of World War I, until 1923, at the start of an economic crisis in Palestine.
Approximately 40,000 Jews arrived in Palestine during the Third Aliyah. The bellwether of the Third Aliyah was the ship SS Ruslan, which arrived at Jaffa Port on December 19, 1919 carrying over 600 new immigrants and people returning after being stranded in Europe during the war.
The Third Aliyah was triggered by the October Revolution in Russia, anti-semitic pogroms in Eastern Europe and the Balfour Declaration. The pioneers of the Third Aliyah originated mainly from Eastern European countries: 45% from Russia, 31% from Poland, 5% from Romania, and three percent from Lithuania.
Jewish pioneers building Balfour Street in Tel Aviv, 1921
Most of the newcomers were young halutzim (pioneers), who built roads and towns and commenced the draining of marshes in the Jezreel Valley and the Hefer Plain. Afterwards they became a smaller proportion of the immigrants. The importance of those pioneers was just as great as that of the pioneers of the Second Aliyah. Their ideology contributed a great deal to the construction of Palestine, and so they imprinted their mark on Zionism and also on the development of the Jewish settlements in Palestine.
The Histadrut Labor Federation was established at this time.
Histadrut, or the General Organization of Workers in Israel, originally (Hebrew: ההסתדרות הכללית של העובדים בארץ ישראל, HaHistadrut HaKlalit shel HaOvdim B'Eretz Yisrael), is Israel's national trade union center and represents the majority of Israel's trade unionists.
Established in December 1920 in Mandatory Palestine, it soon became one of the most powerful institutions in the Yishuv (the body of Jewish residents in the region prior to the establishment of the state). Today, it has 800,000 members.
Motivation
Immigrants had high hopes for a new future in the Holy Land, but more than that, they were pushed to immigrate due to the developments in Europe and the growth of the nationalism aspirations of various minority groups. Several factors motivated the immigrants:
- The Balfour Declaration, which stated Britain's support for use of the Palestine mandate as a "national home for the Jewish people".
- The Russian Revolution and Russian Civil War led to a wave of pogroms. An estimated 100,000 Jews were killed and 500,000 left homeless.
- Upheaval in Europe in the aftermath of World War I with nationalist awakenings amongst the eastern European nations following the birth of nine new countries.
- In the new countries which were formed after World War I there was the "problem of the minorities". Battles erupted between small ethnic groups, with riots in divided countries like Poland.
- An economic crisis in Europe
- The enactment of Emergency Quota Act, which limited immigration to the United States
- The relative success of the absorption of the Second Aliyah to Israel and the socialist ideologies of the wave.
The official Zionist institutions were opposed to the third immigration wave. They feared that the country would not be able to absorb such a great number of people. They even requested that only people who had enough economic resources come to the country. However, the harsh reality changed their expectations: the bad economic situation of Jews of Eastern Europe, and also the riots, forced many to emigrate to countries which did open their gates—the United States and Western Europe—and to those who had a pioneering impulse and a Zionist recognition, Palestine was suitable as their new home.
Social makeup
Many of the new immigrants of the Third Aliyah were affiliated with HeHalutz, a Jewish youth movement that trained young people for agricultural settlement in the Land of Israel and Hashomer Hatzair, a Labor Zionist, secular Jewish youth movement founded in 1913 in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Austria-Hungary. Yitzhak Lamdan and Uri Zvi Greenberg immigrated to Palestine during the Third Aliyah. HeHalutz became an umbrella organization of the pioneering Zionist youth movements. Hashomer Hatzair was also the name of the group's political party in the Yishuv, the body of Jewish residents in Palestine prior to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 in the pre-1948 Mandatory Palestine (see Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashomer_Hatzair_Workers_Party
Maciejów, Poland branch of HeHalutz Hatzair, 1930 (Courtesy of the Yossef Karpus Collection at the American Folklife Center)
Fourth Aliyah
The Fourth Aliyah (Hebrew: העלייה הרביעית, HaAliyah HaRevi'it) refers to the fourth wave of the Jewish immigration to Mandatory Palestine, mainly from Europe, between the years 1924 and 1928.
The character of the Fourth Aliyah
Starting around 1924 the character and the composition of the immigration to Palestine changed, and even though this immigration wave was very close to the previous immigration wave, it has been categorized as separate.
That wave brought rapid urban development, particularly in Tel Aviv, which absorbed a considerable number of the immigrants. But during the years 1926–1927 an economic crisis occurred in the country, the toughest the Jewish settlement had during the period of the British Mandate of Palestine, and in spite of the economic comeback between the years 1928–1929, the crisis was identified with all of the period of the Fourth immigration. In the period of the crisis about 23,000 immigrants decided to leave the country. In February 1924 David Ben Gurion wrote in his diary: "The lack of work is ever increasing. Yesterday people were fainting in the office." Later in the year he noted "The people are hungry and cannot work." 7,400 Jews left Palestine in 1926. In 1927 the Zionist Executive funded an employment program for 8,000 workers. In 1928 emigration equalled immigration.
In the fourth Aliyah about 80,000 immigrants came to Palestine, mainly from the countries of Eastern Europe, half of the immigrants from Poland and the rest from the Soviet Union, Romania and Lithuania. In addition to that 12% of all immigrants were from Asia, mainly Yemen and Iraq.
The causes for the immigration
The major push factors for Jewish emigration from Europe at this time were a rise in antisemitism throughout Europe and an economic crisis in Poland. With the passage of the Emergency Quota Act and 1924 Immigration Act in the United States, heavy restrictions on Jewish immigration were imposed. As a result, many Jews decided to move to Palestine instead. This group contained many middle class families which had engaged in business, industry, trade. They primarily moved to the growing cities, establishing small businesses and light industry.
Fifth Aliyah
The Fifth Aliyah (Hebrew: העלייה החמישית, HaAliyah HaHamishit) refers to the fifth wave of the Jewish immigration to Palestine from Europe and Asia between the years 1929 and 1939, with the arrival of 225,000 to 300,000 Jews. The Fifth Aliyah, or fifth immigration wave, began after the comeback from the 1927 economic crisis in Mandatory Palestine and the 1929 Palestine riots, during the period of the Fourth Aliyah.
1929 Hebron Massacre
The Hebron massacre was the killing of sixty-seven or sixty-nine Jews on 24 August 1929 in Hebron, then part of Mandatory Palestine, by Arabs incited to violence by rumors that Jews were planning to seize control of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The event also left scores seriously wounded or maimed. Jewish homes were pillaged and synagogues were ransacked. Some of the 435 Jews who survived were hidden by local Arab families, although the extent of this phenomenon is debated. Soon after, all Hebron's Jews were evacuated by the British authorities. Many returned in 1931, but almost all were evacuated at the outbreak of the 1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine. The massacre formed part of the 1929 Palestine riots, in which a total of 133 Jews and 110 Arabs were killed, the majority of the latter by British police and military, and brought the centuries-old Jewish presence in Hebron to an end.
The massacre, together with that of Jews in Safed, sent shock waves through Jewish communities in Palestine and around the world. It led to the re-organization and development of the Jewish paramilitary organization, the Haganah, which later became the nucleus of the Israel Defense Forces.
Wave of immigration
This wave of immigration of the Fifth Aliyah began as a pioneering one, but with the onset of racial persecution in Nazi Germany attained the character of a mass migration between 1933 and 1939, with at least 55,000 Jews from Central Europe immigrating to Palestine or residing there as semi-permanent residents. The 1936-1939 Arab riots in Mandatory Palestine weakened the immigration wave, but during the years 1938-1939 thousands of Jewish immigrants arrived, some of them illegally. The British White Paper of 1939 severely curtailed Jewish immigration. The onset of World War II a few months later also inhibited immigration to Mandatory Palestine.
Aliyah Bet: Illegal immigration (1933–1948)
The British government limited Jewish immigration to Mandatory Palestine with quotas, and following the rise of Nazism to power in Germany, illegal immigration to Mandatory Palestine commenced.The illegal immigration was known as Aliyah Bet ("secondary immigration"), or Ha'apalah, and was organized by the Mossad Le'aliyah Bet, a branch of the paramilitary organization Haganah in British Mandatory Palestine, as well as by the Irgun, "The National Military Organization in the Land of Israel", a Zionist paramilitary organization that operated in Mandate Palestine and then Israel between 1931 and 1948. Immigration was done mainly by sea, and to a lesser extent overland through Iraq and Syria. During World War II and the years that followed until independence, Aliyah Bet became the main form of Jewish immigration to Mandatory Palestine.
Following the war, Berihah ("escape"), an organization of former partisans and ghetto fighters was primarily responsible for smuggling Jews from Eastern Europe through Poland. In 1946 Poland was the only Eastern Bloc country to allow free Jewish aliyah (Immigration) to Mandate Palestine without visas or exit permits. By contrast, Stalin forcibly brought Soviet Jews back to USSR, as agreed by the Allies during the Yalta Conference (4–11 February 1945). The refugees were sent to the Italian ports from which they traveled to Mandatory Palestine. More than 4,500 survivors left the French port of Sète aboard President Warfield (renamed Exodus). The British turned them back to France from Haifa, and forced them ashore in Hamburg. Despite British efforts to curb the illegal immigration, during the 14 years of its operation, 110,000 Jews immigrated to Palestine. In 1945 reports of the Holocaust with its 6 million Jewish people killed, caused many Jews in Palestine to turn openly against the British Mandate, and illegal immigration escalated rapidly as many Holocaust survivors joined the aliyah. They couldn't stay in Europe where the Holocaust took place4, where they were 'Displaced Persons' and where soon a new form of antisemitism emerged, Stalinist Soviet antisemitism.
Folks
Non Jews don't understand the old religious, traditional, cultural, social, peoples and political connection of many Jews in the Diaspora and in Israel to the land, country and nation of Israel. That has messianic, Utopic, mythical, deep spiritual, theological, psychological, sociological, anthroposophical and political (ideological) dimensions. For many Jews (not all Jews) Israel is the only Jewish nation, Jewish territory and real Jewish country in the world. It is very important to them and their Christian, Hindu and other allies. The extreme forces within Judaism, Christianity and Hinduism, see Islam, Muslims and Arabs as the enemy.
From the other side we have to understand that many Palestinians, Arabs, North African Berbers, Black African Muslims, Afghans, Pakistani's, Indian Muslims, Indonesian Muslims and radicalised European Muslims do not distinguish between Jews and Zionism, between Diaspora Jews and Israel. Agression, violence, intimidation and hatred towards Jews and Muslims is growing in Europe and America. And that is dangerous and sad.
The only solution on the long term is the dismantlement of Hamas, New Peace negotiations between Israel and the PLO (Fatah/Palestinian Authority) and more peace deals between Arab nations and Israel. A liveable future for Palestinians in Gaza, the Westbank, Lebanon, Syria and in the Palestinian Diaspora elsewhere. Israel must be safe and secure and new terror attacks against Israel must be prevented and Israel must be safe before there can be Peace.
The enormous Hamas slaughter of 1400 Israeli's has enraged Israeli's and the Jewish Diaspora and we are living in a period of Israeli and Diaspora Jewish revenge. Hatred against Hamas, Islamic Jihad and Palestians is alive now and also against Pro-Palestinian demonstrations on Western streets and universities. It will take time to heal wounds at both sides.
In the mean while fear exists amongst European Jews, Jewish schools were closed or heavily guarded and there is an increase in antisemitic incidents in the Netherlands and other European countries. Jews hailed the strong support from Germany for Israel and German pro-active stance against antisemitism in Germany.
Pieter
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Post by pieter on Nov 1, 2023 6:43:37 GMT -7
Jaga,
Another unmentioned side of this conflict is that next to as lot of human Europeans with empathy, understanding, common sense, humanity and feelings for suffering Israeli's and Palestinians there are many indifferent Europeans, whom don't care, because they see it as a conflict between Middle Eastern Jews (Israeli's) and Middle Eastern Arabs (Palestinians), and that is not their European cause and so also not in their interest. Many Europeans would like to Stop refugees and immigrants comming to Europe entirely. And many of them dislike Muslims and migrants and would like them to leave their countries and Europe.
The Present 2023 Israel–Hamas war intensifies Islamoophobia, xenophobia, Arabophobia (Anti-Arab racism, also called Anti-Arabism, Anti-Arab sentiment), discrimination of Muslim immigrants, hate crimes on the streets, verbal attacks, intimidation, aggression, violence and racism against Non-Western immigrants which are looking Arab, Berber or Turkish. The other side of the coin is like I said the rising antisemitism in Europe. The present human climate in Europe isn't good and tense. I hope that shared peace initiatives for coexistence between Muslims, Jews and Christians will create some understanding and build some bridges, but I fear the worst for the near future as the pessimist and maybe Fatalist I am.
Pieter
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Post by karl on Nov 1, 2023 10:32:35 GMT -7
Pieter
I must say, you must be commended upon an excellent and professional subject research project of a very historical project of both informational and educational. My self? I hold not hate toward Palestinians, Arab, or other nationality, for we all share the same earth. It just seems with some, is this seemingly ingrained need to hate. But as you have demonstrated in so many instances, the two sides of the Roman Coin as it applies to people, it is not just a means to an end, but a manner of understanding a situation as it stands. For one of the requirements of solving an issue, is first to know and understand the problem.
perhaps to some, myself may appear as unfeeling for those in peril, if so, this would be far from the truth, for myself do hold a very strong pro-life and in my profession, this is a weakness that should not be commensurate in my chosen profession. It is just my personal fear of failure but to succeed at any cost.
Karl
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